Tourism regulation and its impact on regional development in the European Union

Abstract

This study analyzes the legal framework for tourism in the European Union, highlighting its role in the territorial, social, and economic cohesion of regions and its cross-cutting nature. The main objective is to examine the evolution of European tourism regulations, the Union's powers in this area, and their impact on regional development. The working hypothesis is that, although tourism is neither an exclusive nor shared competence of the Union, European action through support, coordination, and financing measures has been key to strengthening competitiveness, sustainability, and territorial cohesion. The methodology used is based on a qualitative legal-documentary approach, focusing on the analysis of European regulations, institutional strategies, funding programs, and academic doctrine. The method employed consists of a systematic study of Commission communications, European Parliament resolutions, and legal provisions, complemented by a critical review of practical experiences at the regional level. The main results show that tourism law in the European Union, while not an autonomous body of legislation, has shaped a flexible framework that impacts areas such as digitalization, the environment, consumer protection, and transportation. It also demonstrates that tourism constitutes a strategic driver for European integration, regional innovation, and job creation.